Parent and Teacher Guideline for
Gender Dysphoric Youth
References by Section
Gender Dysphoria in Youth -
Written Expert Testimony of Michelle A. Cretella, MD
[1]The Cass Review. Independent review of gender identity services for children and young people. April 2024 https://cass.independent-review.uk/?page_id=936
[2]Ludvigsson, J.F., Adolfsson, J., Höistad, M., Rydelius, P.-A., Kriström, B. and Landén, M. (2023), A systematic review of hormone treatment for children with gender dysphoria and recommendations for research. Acta Paediatr. Accepted Author Manuscript. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.16791
[3]Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services’ 2019 literature review. https://www.sbu.se/en/publications/sbu-bereder/gender-dysphoria-in-children-and-adolescents-an-inventory-of-the-literature/
[4]Finland 2020:“Recommendation of the Council for Choices in Health Care in Finland (PALKO/ COHERE Finland). Medical Treatment Methods for Dysphoria Related to Gender Variance In Minors” https://segm.org/sites/default/files/Finnish_Guidelines_2020_Minors_Unofficial%20Translation.pdf
[5]2020. UK’s The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) reviews:
N.I.C.E. Evidence review: Gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogues for children and adolescents with gender dysphoria.: https://ia802301.us.archive.org/4/items/gov.uscourts.ared.128159/gov.uscourts.ared.128159.45.9.pdf; see also N.I.C.E. Evidence review: Gender-affirming hormones for children and adolescents with gender dysphoria.
[6]2022 Florida AHCA Generally Accepted Professional Medical Standards Determination on the Treatment of Gender Dysphoria, comprehensive literature review (Attachment C), Romina Brignardello-Petersen, DDS, MSc, PhD and Wojtek Wiercioch, MSc, PhD: Effects of Gender Affirming Therapies in People with Gender Dysphoria: Evaluation of the Best Available Evidence. 16 May 2022. https://ahca.myflorida.com/letkidsbekids/docs/AHCA_GAPMS_June_2022_Attachment_C.pdf
[7]Zepf FD, King L, Kaiser A, Ligges C, et al. Beyond NICE: Updated Systematic Review of the Evidence for Puberty Blockade and Hormone Administration in Minors with Gender Dysphoria; Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Published Online: February 27, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000972
[8]Society for Evidence Based Medicine (2023) “Denmark Joins the List of Countries That Have Sharply Restricted Youth Gender Transitions” Available at https://segm.org/Denmark-sharply-restricts-youth-gender-transitions
[9]Lane B. https://www.genderclinicnews.com/p/tighten-up.
[10]American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013), p. 450-455.
[11]Rafferty J. Ensuring Comprehensive Care and Support for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics (2018). Available at https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/142/4/e20182162/37381/Ensuring-Comprehensive-Care-and-Support-for?autologincheck=redirected
[12]King CD. The meaning of normal. Yale J Biol Med 1945;18:493-501.
[13]McHugh PR and Meyer LS. Sexuality and Gender: Findings from the Biological, Psychological, and Social Sciences. The New Atlantis; No.50, Fall 2016, p90. Available at http://thenewatlantis.com/wp-content/uploads/legacy-pdfs/20160819_TNA50SexualityandGender.pdf
[14]Wilhelm D, Palmer S, Koopman P. Sex Determination and Gonadal Development in Mammals. Physiological Reviews. American Physiological Society. 2007;87(1). Available at https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00009.2006.
[15]Sax L. How Common is Intersex? A response to Anne Fausto-Sterling. J. Sex Res. 2002 Aug;39(3):174-8. doi: 10.1080/00224490209552139. PMID: 12476264. Available at https://www.leonardsax.com/how-common-is-intersex-a-response-to-anne-fausto-sterling/
[16]Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Hirschberg AL, Claahsen-van der Grinten H, Reisch N, Bouvattier C, Thyen U, et al. dsd-LIFE Group. Fertility outcome and information on fertility issues in individuals with different forms of disorders of sex development: Findings from the dsd-LIFE study.Fertility and Sterility, 108. 822-831. Available at https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(17)31708-9/fulltext
[17]American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013), pp. 451 and 822.
[18]Ristori J, Steensma TD. Gender dysphoria in childhood. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2016;28(1):13-20. See also: Clarke A, Spiliadis A. ‘Taking the lid off the box’: The value of extended clinical assessment for adolescents presenting with gender identity difficulties. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2019;24(2):338-352. Available at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1359104518825288 See also:
Zucker KJ, Lawrence AA, Kreukels BP, Gender Dysphoria in Adults, Annual Rev of Clinical Psych. 2016;12: 217-247 (p.237) Available at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kenneth_Zucker3/publication/291340368_Gender_Dysphoria_in_Adults/links/56fc815108ae8239f6dc4a74/Gender-Dysphoria-in-Adults.pdf (quote p. 237).
[19] Rawee, P., Rosmalen, J.G.M., Kalverdijk, L. et al. Development of Gender Non-Contentedness During Adolescence and Early Adulthood. Arch Sex Behav (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-02817-5
[20]Jiska Ristori & Thomas D. Steensma, “Gender Dysphoria in Childhood” International Review of Psychiatry 28(1):13-20 (2016) at 15; Thomas D. Steensma, et al., “Desisting and persisting gender dysphoria after childhood: A qualitative follow-up study” Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 16(4) 499–516 (2010) at 500; Kenneth J. Zucker, “The Myth of Persistence” International Journal of Transgenderism 19(2):231-245 (2018).
[21]Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino, et al., “Two years of gender identity service for minors: overrepresentation of natal girls with severe problems in adolescent development” Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Mental Health 9:9 (2015); Lisa Littman, “Parent reports of adolescents and young adults perceived to show signs of a rapid onset of gender dysphoria” PLOS One 14(3):e0214157 (2018); Melanie Bechard, et al., “Psychosocial and Psychological Vulnerability in Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria: A ‘Proof of Principle’ Study” Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy 43(7):678-688 (2017).
[22]Kenneth J. Zucker, et al., “A Developmental, Biopsychosocial Model for the Treatment of Children with Gender Identity Disorder,” Journal of Homosexuality 59(2):369-397 (2012)
[23]Kozlowska K, Chudleigh C, McClure G, Maguire AM, Ambler GR. Attachment Patterns in Children and Adolescents With Gender Dysphoria. Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 12;11:582688. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.582688. PMID: 33510668; PMCID: PMC7835132.
[24]Becerra-Culqui TA, Liu Y, Nash R. et al. Mental Health of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youth Compared with Their Peers. Pediatrics. 2018;141(5).
[25]Clarke, A. & Spiliadis, A, “’Taking the Lid Off the Box’: The Value of Extended Clinical Assessment for Adolescents Presenting With Gender Identity Difficulties,” https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1359104518825288, Feb. 6, 2019; Zucker KJ (2018) The myth of persistence: Response to “A critical commentary on follow-up studies and ‘desistance’ theories about transgender and gender non-conforming children” by Temple Newhook et al. (2018), International Journal of Transgenderism, 19:2, 231-245, DOI: 10.1080/15532739.2018.1468293; Kelley D. Drummond et al., “A follow-up study of girls with gender identity disorder,” Developmental Psychology 44(1):34-45 (2008); Meyenburg B. Gender identity disorder in adolescence: Outcomes of psychotherapy. Adolescence. 1999;34:305-313; Kronberg J, Tyano S, Apter A, Wijsenbeek H. Treatment of transsexualism in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence. 1981; 4:177-185; Lothstein LM, Levine SB. Expressive Psychotherapy With Gender Dysphoric Patients. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1981; 38:924-929; Lothstein LM. The adolescent gender dysphoric patient: an approach to treatment and management. Journal of pediatric psychology. 1980; 5:93-109; Davenport CW, Harrison SI. Gender identity change in a female adolescent transsexual. Archives of sexual behavior. 1977; 6:327-340; Barlow DH, Reynolds EJ, Agras WS. Gender Identity Change in a Transsexual [male aged 17]. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1973; 28:569-576; Philippopoulos, G.S. A case of transvestism in a 17-year-old girl. Acta Psychother. 1964; 12: 29–37.
[26]Lupron Package Insert available at: https://www.lupronped.com/about-lupron-depot-ped?cid=ppc_ppd_msft_Lupron_Branded_lupronped.com_Phrase_USLUPR220485
[27]BBC News “Children on puberty blockers saw mental health change - new analysis” Available at https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-66842352; study pre-print by McPherson and Freedman available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.05.30.23290763v3.full.pdf+html
[28]Michael Biggs. "Tavistock’s Experimentation with Puberty Blockers: Scrutinizing the Evidence". Transgender Trend. March 2, 2019. Available at https://www.transgendertrend.com/tavistock-experiment-puberty-blockers/
[29]Laidlaw M, Van Meter QL, Hruz PW, Van Mol A and Malone WJ. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2019;104(3): 686–687, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-01925
[30]Vigil P, et al., “Endocrine Modulation of the Adolescent Brain: A Review” Journal of Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecology 24(6):330-337 (December 2011). See also Craig MC, Fletcher PC, Daly EM, Rymer J, et al. Gonadotropin hormone releasing hormone agonists alter prefrontal function during verbal encoding in young women. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007;32(8-10):1116-27. DOI:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.09.009;Christian J. Nelson, et al., “Cognitive Effects of Hormone Therapy in Men With Prostate Cancer” Cancer 113(5):1097-1106 (2008).
[31]Brik T, Vrouenraets LJJJ, de Vries MC, Hannema SE. Trajectories of adolescents treated with gonadotropinreleasing hormone analogues for gender dysphoria [published online ahead of print March 9, 2020]. Arch Sex Behav. doi:10.1007/s10508-020-01660-8; Kuper LE, Stewart S, Preston S, Lau M, Lopez X. Body dissatisfaction and mental health outcomes of youth on gender-affirming hormone therapy. Pediatrics. 2020;145(4):e20193006; Annelou L.C. de Vries, et al., “Puberty suppression in adolescents with gender identity disorder: A prospective follow-up study” The Journal of Sexual Medicine 8(8): 2276–2283 (2011). Wiepjes CM, Nota NM, de Blok CJM, et al. The Amsterdam cohort of gender dysphoria study (1972-2015): trends in prevalence, treatment, and regrets. J Sex Med. 2018;15(4):582–590; Carmichael P, Butler G, et al. Short-term outcomes of pubertal suppression in a selected cohort of 12 to 15 year old young people with persistent gender dysphoria in the UK. medRxiv 2020.12.01.20241653.
[32]Leena Nahata, et al., “Understudied and Under-Reported: Fertility Issues in Transgender Youth—A Narrative Review” Journal of Pediatrics 205:265-271 (February 2019)
[33]Dorte Glintborg, Katrine Hass Rubin, Tanja Gram Petersen, Øjvind Lidegaard, Guy T'Sjoen, Malene Hilden, Marianne Skovsager Andersen, Cardiovascular risk in Danish transgender persons: a matched historical cohort study, European Journal of Endocrinology, Volume 187, Issue 3, Sep 2022, Pages 463–477, https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-22-0306; Talal Alzahrani, et al., “Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Myocardial Infarction in the Transgender Population” Circulation 12(4):e005597 (2019); Katrien Wierckx, et al., “Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and cancer during cross-sex hormone therapy in a large cohort of trans persons: a case-control study” European Journal of Endocrinology 169(4):471-478 (2013).
[34]Biggs M. Suicide by trans-identified children in England and Wales (October 2018).
Available at: https://www.transgendertrend.com/suicide-by-trans-identified-children-in-england-and-wales/
[35] Ruuska SM, Tuisku K, Holttinen T, Kaltiala R. All-cause and suicide mortalities among adolescents and young adults who contacted specialised gender identity services in Finland in 1996-2019: a register study. BMJ Ment Health. 2024 Feb 17;27(1):e300940. doi: 10.1136/bmjment-2023-300940. PMID: 38367979; PMCID: PMC10875569.
Introduction Story to Guideline –
Lara Forsberg M.Ed. Transactional Analysis TA certified
[36] Steensma, T. D., Biemond, R., de Boer, F., & Cohen-Kettenis, P. T. (2011, October 16). Desisting and persisting gender dysphoria after childhood: a qualitative follow-up study. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 16(4), 499-516 (p. 500). 10.1177/1359104510378303. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21216800/
[37] Pledge, D. S. (2004, p. 10). Counseling Adolescents and Children. Thomas/Wadsworth. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Counseling_Adolescents_and_Children.html?id=PcAMAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
[38] Pledge, D. S. (2004). Counseling Adolescents and Children. Thomas/Wadsworth. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Counseling_Adolescents_and_Children.html?id=PcAMAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
[39] Berne, E. (Aprox. 1970). Chapter 6: On Becoming a Person. In Unknown, Miscellaneous TA reading resource.
​
Helpful Suggestion to Parents and Teachers that can Help Kids Through
[40] Zucker, K. J., & Bradley, S. J. (1995). Gender Identity Disorder and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents. Guilford, New York, London. https://www.amazon.ca/Identity-Disorder-Psychosexual-Problems-Adolescents/dp/0898622662
[41] Shrier, A. (2020). Irreversible Damage: The Transgender Craze Seducing Our Daughters. New Jersey, Washington: Renery Publishing:a Division of Salem Media Group. https://www.amazon.ca/s?k=irreversible+damage&i=stripbooks&hvadid=671307174181&hvdev=c&hvlocphy=9001291&hvnetw=g&hvqmt=e&hvrand=8107751523217133142&hvtargid=kwd-316452413688&hydadcr=22433_13497865&tag=googcana-20&ref=pd_sl_1s5cxgwk4b_e
[42] Deboni, A. V. (2024). The 2024 Annual Qualitative Report from the Bridging the Gap Detransitioner Support Group* at BeyondTrans.org. https://genspect.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Report-Bridging-the-Gap-support-group-V1.8.pdf
[43] Deboni, A. V. (2024). The 2024 Annual Qualitative Report from the Bridging the Gap Detransitioner Support Group* at BeyondTrans.org. https://genspect.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Report-Bridging-the-Gap-support-group-V1.8.pdf
[44] Illsley Clarke, J., & Dawson, C. (1989, p. 234-235). Growing Up Again - Parenting Ourselves, Parenting Our Children (2 ed.). Hazeldon Publishing. Available at: https://www.hazelden.org/store/item/2888?Growing-Up-Again-Second-Edition
[45]Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy nomenclature dictates that the ego states are capitalized to differentiate them from real people (Parent, Adult Child are parts of the mind when capitalized).
Identity Development Theory and Autonomy
[46] Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy nomenclature dictates that the ego states are capitalized to differentiate them from real people (Parent, Adult Child are parts of the mind when capitalized).
Studies Exemplifying the use of TA
[47] Taheri, A., Zandipour, T., Pourshahriari, M., & Nafian Dehkordi, M. (2017). Investigating the effectiveness of transactional analysis therapy group on improving parent–child relationship among adolescent girls in Tehran City. ScienceDirect.eurpsy, 41, S448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.469
[48] Kulashekara, B., & Kumar, G.V. (2015, January). Impact of transactional analysis on depressive and aggressive adolescent students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 41(1), 65-70. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318091713_Impact_of_transactional_analysis_on_depressive_and_aggressive_adolescent_students
[49] Etemadi-Chardah, N., Matinpour, B., & Heshmati, R. (2017, July). Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Group Therapy on Addiction Intensity of Woman Patients Treated with Methadone. Addict Health, 9(3), 146-155. PMCID: PMC5894794. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29657695/
​[50] Maté, G., & Neufeld, G. (2004). Hold on to Your Kids. Vintage Canada. https://neufeldinstitute.org/resources/hold-on-to-your-kids-book/
​
The Language, A Gestalt is a Learning Cycle in Child Development- Gestalt Development – Joel Latner – A gestalt is a learning cycle
[51] Latner, J. (1972). The Gestalt Therapy Book. New York, New York, United States: Bantam Books. https://books.google.ca/books/about/The_Gestalt_Therapy_Book.html?id=oPhFAAAAYAAJ&redir_esc=y
The Working Model – Nurturing and Protective Factors
[52] The Education People. (2021, April 1). Exploring Pedagogy - Introducing John Bowlby. The Early Years & Childcare Service. https://www.theeducationpeople.org/blog/exploring-pedagogy-introducing-john-bowlby/
[53] Roberts, G. C., Block, J. H., & Block, J. (1984). Continuity and change in parents' child-rearing practices: Child Development. American Psychological Association (APA PsycNet), 55(2), 586–597. doi.org/10.2307/1129970. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1984-20354-001
[54] Toth, S. L., Manly, J. T., Spagnola,, M., & Cicchetti, D. (2002, Fall). The relative efficacy of two interventions in altering maltreated preschool children's representational models: implications for attachment theory. Dev Psychopathol ., 14(4). 10.1017/s095457940200411x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12549708/
[55] Orlans, M., & Levy, T. M. (1998). P. 43-53. Attachment, Trauma, and Healing. Child Welfare League of America. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Attachment_Trauma_and_Healing.html?id=_jikAwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y
[56] Levy, T. M., & Orlans, M. (1998). Continuum of Attachment. The Pennsylvania Child Welfare Resource Center. http://www.pacwrc.pitt.edu/Curriculum/303_UndrstndngRAD/Hndts/HO6_Continuum%20Attachment.pdf
[57]Werner, E. (1989, January). High-Risk Children In Young Adulthood: A longitudinal Study from Birth to 32 Years. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 72-81. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2467566/
[58] Trauma and Resilience in Children: Chase, C. (2019). Understanding Resilience. Calgary, AB: Werklund Institute.
[59] Erskin, R. G., & Moursund, J. P. (1988) p. 27. Integrative Psychotherapy. Sage. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Integrative_Psychotherapy_in_Action.html?id=sItHAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y
[60] Prior, V., & Glaser, D. (2007, November). Understanding Attachment & Attachment Disorders: Theory, Evidence, and Practice. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 16(4), p. 24. PMC2247467. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2247467/
[61] Kail, R. V., & Barnfield, A. M.C. (2019). p.395. Children and their Development. (4, Ed.). North York, Ontario: Pearson. https://www.amazon.ca/Children-Their-Development-Fourth-Canadian/dp/0134646568
[62] Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2009, May 19). The first 10,000 Adult Attachment Interviews: distributions of adult attachment representations in clinical and non-clinical groups. Attachment & Human Development, 11(3), 223-263. 10.1080/14616730902814762. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14616730902814762
Epigenetics
[63] Champagne, F. A. (2008, June 1). Epigenetic Mechanisms and the Transgenerational Effects of Maternal Care. Front Neuroendocrinol, 29(3),, 29(3), 386–397. 10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.03.003. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18462782/
[64] D'Andrea, W., Ford, J., Stolbach, B., Spinazzola, J., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2012, April). Understanding interpersonal trauma in children: why we need a developmentally appropriate trauma diagnosis. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 82(2), 187-200. 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2012.01154.x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22506521/
[65] Suomi, S. J. (2011, November). Risk, Resilience, and Gene-Environment Interplay in Primates. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 20(4), 289-97. PMC3222572. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222572/
Strokes, Games and Rackets
[66] Parr, J. (2022, June 23). Editing comment. Personal Communication. John Parr: www.psdci.co.uk.
[67] Maté, G. (2018). In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts - Close Encounters with Addiction. Penguin Random House - Vintage Canada. https://drgabormate.com/book/in-the-realm-of-hungry-ghosts/
68 Clarkson, P. (1992, p. 10). Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy. Tavistock, New York.
Drama Triangle – A psychological Game for Stimulation
[69] Karpman, ,. S. (1968). Fairy Tales and Script Data Analysis. Transactional Analysis Bulletin, 39-43. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334154245_Script_Drama_Analysis_II
70 Deboni, A. V. (2024). The 2024 Annual Qualitative Report from the Bridging the Gap Detransitioner Support Group* at BeyondTrans.org. https://genspect.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Report-Bridging-the-Gap-support-group-V1.8.pdf ​
Life Script
[71] Erskin, R. G., & Moursund, J. P. (1988, p. 8). Integrative Psychotherapy. Sage. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Integrative_Psychotherapy_in_Action.html?id=sItHAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y
[72] Satir, V. (1964). Conjoint Family Therapy. Science and Behaviour Books, California. https://www.amazon.com/Conjoint-Family-Therapy-Virginia-Satir/dp/0831400633
[73] Winnard, K. E. (1991). Codependency: Teaching Tutors Not to Rescue. Journal of College Reading and Learning -Taylor Francis Online, 32-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/10790195.1991.10849978
What Children Need - Positive Strokes - Strokes for Being, Strokes for Doing and Structure
[74] Illsley Clarke, J., & Dawson, C. (1989, p. 32-33). Growing Up Again - Parenting Ourselves, Parenting Our Children (2nd ed.). Hazeldon Publishing. https://www.hazelden.org/store/item/2888?Growing-Up-Again-Second-Edition
Growing Up Again – Parenting Ourselves, Parenting our Children- Ages and Stages
[75] Second Edition of Growing Up Again 1998 p. 87-88 and p. 235-242. The book provides course material. Further course material available upon request (larakendall.71@gmail.com).
[76] Illsley Clarke, J., & Dawson, C. (1989). Growing Up Again - Parenting Ourselves, Parenting Our Children (2nd ed.). Hazeldon Publishing. https://www.hazelden.org/store/item/2888?Growing-Up-Again-Second-Edition
[77] Amato, P. R., & Fowler, F. (2002, August). Parenting Practices, Child Adjustment, and Family Diversity. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64(3), 703-716. 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00703.x. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dj.1741-3737.2002.00703.x ​
Physis – GOD and Spirituality
[78] Clarkson, P. (1992, p. 13). Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy. Tavistock, New York.
Positive Developmental Psychology
[79] Seigel, B. S. (1986). Love, Medicine and Miracles. Harper and Row. https://www.harpercollins.ca/9780060919832/love-medicine-and-miracles/
Positive Psychology
[80] Seligman, M. (2013). On positive psychology - Martin Seligman. TED-Ed, YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CpLEOO5oyo
[81] Seligman, M. E., & Miller, W. R. (1975). Depression and learned helplessness in man. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 84(3), 228-238. 10.1037/h0076720. https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fh0076720
[82] Seligman, M. E.P., Ernst, R. M., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., & Linkins, M. (2009, May 27). Positive education: positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education: Well-being in Schools, 35(3), 293-311. 10.1080/03054980902934563. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03054980902934563
[83] Seligman, M. E.P., Ernst, R. M., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., & Linkins, M. (2009, May 27). Positive education: positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education: Well-Being in Schools, 35(3), 293-311. 10.1080/03054980902934563. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03054980902934563
[84] Seligman, M. E.P., Ernst, R. M., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., & Linkins, M. (2009, p. 297, May 27). Positive education: positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education: Well-Being in Schools, 35(3), 293-311. 10.1080/03054980902934563. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03054980902934563
Client Centered Therapy - The Protocol
[85] Erskin, R. G., & Moursund, J. P. (1988) p. 8. Integrative Psychotherapy. Sage. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Integrative_Psychotherapy_in_Action.html?id=sItHAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y
[86] Zucker, J. K., Wood, H., Singh, D., & Bradley, S. J. (2012, March). A Development, Biopsychological Model for the Treatment of Children with Gender Identity Disorder. Journal of Homosexuality, 59(3), 369-397. doi:10.1080/00918369.2012.653309. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22455326/
Counselling the Adolescent
[87] Pinto, C. J. (Director). (2009). The Kinsey Syndrome [Film]. https://www.amazon.com/Kinsey-Syndrome-Joseph-M-Schimmel/dp/B001RMTQLY \
[88] Reisman, J., & Breggin, P. (2020, February 23). Is Sexual Freedom Based on Scientific Fraud? [Alfred Kinsey, a fake researcher and advocate for the destruction of sexual morality] [video]. Breggin.com. https://breggin.com/article-detail/post_detail/Is-Sexual-Freedom-Based-on-Scientific-Fraud
LGBT Counselling
[89] Drescher. (2009). Queer diagnoses: parallels and contrasts in the history of homosexuality, gender variance, and the diagnostic and statistical manual. Arch Sex Behav. 10.1007/s10508-009-9531-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19838785/
Drivers
[90] Clarkson, P. (1992). Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy. Tavistock, New York. https://www.routledge.com/Transactional-Analysis-Psychotherapy-An-Integrated-Approach/Clarkson/p/book/9780415086998?srsltid=AfmBOoqH4kKD5vB6Y_b-gS6pGJzyljMbkV2CwCdcED4vnegQYTye09AC
[91] Stewart, I., & Joines, V. (1987). TA Today. Chapel Hill: Lifespace. https://books.google.ca/books/about/TA_Today.html?id=44Y3AQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y
The Help Gay Kids Need
[92] Kurilova, E. (2024, September 14). No, Schools Don't Need to Celebrate the Sexuality of Students. Substack. https://www.evakurilova.com/p/no-schools-dont-need-to-celebrate?utm_source=post-email-title&publication_id=1079486&post_id=148554618&utm_campaign=email-post-title&isFreemail=true&r=319f8p&triedRedirect=true&utm_medium=email
[93] Schlott, R. (2023, July 20). Ivy League LGBTQ+ numbers soar and students point to identity politics. https://nypost.com/2023/07/20/ivy-league-lgbtq-numbers-soar-harvard-numbers-triple/. https://nypost.com/2023/07/20/ivy-league-lgbtq-numbers-soar-harvard-numbers-triple/
[94] Perry, B. D. (2006). The Boy who was Raised as a Dog. Basic Books, New York. https://www.amazon.ca/Boy-Who-Raised-Psychiatrists-Notebook-What/dp/0465056539
[95] Mayer, L. S., & McHugh, P. R. (2016, November). Sexuality and Gender: Findings from the Biological, Psychological, and Social Sciences. The New Atlantis - A Journal of Technology and Society - a Special Report, 50, 90. http://thenewatlantis.com/wp-content/uploads/legacy-pdfs/20160819_TNA50SexualityandGender.pdf
[96] Gender Dissent. (2024, April 16). Gender Ideology and the Alberta New Democrats - Scapegoating Families of Gender Captured Kids. Gender Dissent. https://www.genderdissent.com/post/gender-ideology-and-the-alberta-new-democrats
[97] Littman, L. (2018, August 6). Parent reports of adolescents and young adults perceived to show signs of a rapid onset of gender dysphoria. PLOS ONE, 14(3). 10.1371/journal.pone.0202330. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0202330
[98] Pledge, D. S. (2004, p. 6). Counseling Adolescents and Children. Thomas/Wadsworth. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Counseling_Adolescents_and_Children.html?id=PcAMAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Double-Bind Messages
[99] Illsley Clarke, J., & Dawson, C. (1989). Growing Up Again - Parenting Ourselves, Parenting Our Children (2nd ed.). Hazeldon Publishing. https://www.hazelden.org/store/item/2888?Growing-Up-Again-Second-Edition
[100] Bradshaw, J. (1992, p159). Home Coming - Reclaiming and Championing Your Inner Child. A Bantom Trade Paperback. https://www.thriftbooks.com/w/homecoming-reclaiming-and-championing-your-inner-child_john-----bradshaw/251535/item/40845026/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=pmax_canada_high&utm_adgroup=&utm_term=&utm_content=&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw6JS3B
Caring Conflict
[101] Bradshaw, J. (1992, p. 159). Home Coming - Reclaiming and Championing Your Inner Child. A Bantam Trade Paperback. https://www.thriftbooks.com/w/homecoming-reclaiming-and-championing-your-inner-child_john-----bradshaw/251535/item/40845026/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=pmax_canada_high&utm_adgroup=&utm_term=&utm_content=&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw6JS3B
Addiction and Trauma
[102] Snow, C., & Willard, D. (1990). I'm Dying to Take Care of You: Nurses and Codependence - Breaking the Cycles. Professional Counselor Books. https://www.amazon.ca/Dying-Take-Care-You-Codependence/dp/0922352011
​[103] Maté, G. (2018). In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts - Close Encounters with Addiction. Penguin Random House - Vintage Canada. https://drgabormate.com/book/in-the-realm-of-hungry-ghosts/
[104] Berne, E. (1964, p. 13). The Games People Play (3rd ed.). Ballentine Books. https://www.amazon.ca/Games-People-Play-Psychology-Relationships/dp/0241257476
[105] Berne, E. (1964, p. 15). The Games People Play (3rd ed.). Ballentine Books. https://www.amazon.ca/Games-People-Play-Psychology-Relationships/dp/0241257476
PAC- The Parent, Adult and Child Ego-States
[106] Woolams, S., Brown, M., Huige, K., & McKenna, J. (1978). Transactional Analysis (PAC) in Brief [US - Married, Living Together, Family, Friends]. In Self-Effectiveness Training (set) Primer [Educational Paperback]. Emily Publications (Educational Materials in Learning You) - 522 N. New Ballas Rd., Suite 136 St. Louis, Missouri 63141.
OK Corral
[107] Ernst, F. H. (2008). Microsoft Word - OK CORRAL poster 080310.doc. Titles by Franklin H. Ernst, Jr., M.D. www.ListeningActivity.com7
[108] Decoding NPD: The Critical Role of Attachment. (2024, March 8). Heal NPD Podcast Episodes. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvOSWypH3Ak
The Cultural Script for Boys is Different than Girls
[109] Reality’s Last Stand. (2024, March 19). Gender Dysphoria and Anorexia in Adolescent Females. Substack. https://www.realityslaststand.com/p/gender-dysphoria-and-anorexia-in ​
Don’t Play the Androgyny Game
[110] 'Children need biological fathers' | Erica Komisar. (2023). John Anderson Media, YouTube. Children need biological fathers' | Erica Komisar. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3-5N-Py77pQ
[111] Zucker, K. J., & Bradley, S. J. (1995). Gender Identity Disorder and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents. Guilford, New York, London. https://www.amazon.ca/Identity-Disorder-Psychosexual-Problems-Adolescents/dp/0898622662
[112] Kail, R. V., & Barnfield, A. M.C. (2019, p. 443). Children and their Development. (4, Ed.). North York, Ontario: Pearson. https://www.amazon.ca/Children-Their-Development-Fourth-Canadian/dp/0134646568
[113] Pledge, D. S. (2004, p. 6). Counseling Adolescents and Children. Thomas/Wadsworth. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Counseling_Adolescents_and_Children.html?
id=PcAMAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
[114] Maté, G. (2018, p. 227). In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts - Close Encounters with Addiction. Penguin Random House - Vintage Canada. https://drgabormate.com/book/in-the-realm-of-hungry-ghosts/
[115] The Penguin Atlas of Women in the World. (2009). New York, Penguin Books. https://sfu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=SFUL&docid=01SFUL_ALMA21143668050003611&lang=en_US&context=L
[116] Berns, M. (2018, Aug 1). CA 1:28 / 17:30 RE: “cis” lesbians react to “terfs” | #getthelout. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZcnRpKIb9Y&t=1s
The Transsexual Empire -
Stereotypes and mass media Campaigns – Janice Raymond
[117] Raymond, J. G. (1979). The Transexual Empire - The Making of the She-Male (2 reprinted in 1994 by Teachers College Press ed.). Athene Series. https://janiceraymond.com/the-transsexual-empire/
[118] Drescher. (2009, p. 9-10). Queer diagnoses: parallels and contrasts in the history of homosexuality, gender variance, and the diagnostic and statistical manual. Arch Sex Behav. 10.1007/s10508-009-9531-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19838785/
[119] Drescher. (2009, p. 27). Queer diagnoses: parallels and contrasts in the history of homosexuality, gender variance, and the diagnostic and statistical manual. Arch Sex Behav. 10.1007/s10508-009-9531-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19838785/
Kinsey and Money Showed that Transgender Medicine is the Pedophilic Fantasy of Castrating and Enslaving Young Children
[120] Counsel for Amicus Curiae State of Alabama, Skrrmetti, J., Marshall, S., LaCour Jr., E. G., & Bowdre, A. B. (2024). BRIEF OF ALABAMA AS AMICUS CURIAE SUPPORTING STATE RESPONDENTS. https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/23/23-477/328275/20241015131826340_2024.10.15%20-%20Ala.%20Amicus%20Br.%20iso%20TN%20FINAL.pdf?fbclid=IwY2xjawGCdgJleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHRDb7sgp46OGZZfJVjErpg0BtefOfBcK6e06ay9IK89hmiOa3L_Z8PbqQA_aem_bm__Xq_R71ROBUmA-Sw3Ag
[121] Reisman, J., & Breggin, P. (2020, February 23). Is Sexual Freedom Based on Scientific Fraud? [Alfred Kinsey, a fake researcher and advocate for the destruction of sexual morality] [video]. Breggin.com. https://breggin.com/article-detail/post_detail/Is-Sexual-Freedom-Based-on-Scientific-Fraud
[122] Grossman, M. (2023, April 10). Gender Insanity and Parental Trauma | Miriam Grossman MD | EP 347 [The Dr. Jordan B. Peterson Podcast]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Su2Z4_iQHz4
[123] Money, J. (1991- 2003). [Support of pedophilia]. North American Man/Boy Love Association (NAMBLA). https://www.nambla.org/money1.html
[124] Pinto, C. J. (Director). (2009). The Kinsey Syndrome [Film]. https://www.amazon.com/Kinsey-Syndrome-Joseph-M-Schimmel/dp/B001RMTQLY
[125] Robbins, J. (2019, August 26). Gender Clinic Doctor: Plenty of Kids I’m Giving Trans Drugs Have Already Been Prostitutes. The Federalist. https://thefederalist.com/2019/08/26/gender-clinic-doctor-plenty-kids-im-giving-trans-drugs-already-prostitutes/?fbclid=IwAR3JuC5yr8mGH2hPKPMhilAeeaZ2pHbkP4kOJKOX8JD_BFjC8t4kOI_W2Q8
[126] Ghorayshi, A. (2024, October 23). U.S. Study on Puberty Blockers Goes Unpublished Because of Politics, Doctor Says. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/23/science/puberty-blockers-olson-kennedy.html ​
Brief History of Trans
[127] Hughes, M. (24, October 24). Classical Liberalism Seminar - From Hysteria to Gender Dysphoria: How Culture and Medicine Shape Mental Illness. Stanford Classical Liberalism Initiative. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_JZXzocqd8&t=3s
Groupthink – Reality and Anxiety
[128] May, R. (1977). The Meaning of Anxiety. W.W Norton Company. https://www.amazon.ca/Meaning-Anxiety-Rollo-May/dp/0393350878/ref=asc_df_0393350878/?tag=googleshopc0c-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=706730090076&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=18325549952765174416&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9001291&hvtar
[129] Le Bon, G. (1895). The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind By Gustave Le Bon. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/125518/1414_LeBon.pdf
[130] Bernays, E. (1928). Propoganda. Ig Publishing, Brooklin, New York. https://books.google.ca/books?id=3De8nd_B_C8C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
[131] Le Bon, G. (1895). The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind by Gustave Le Bon. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/125518/1414_LeBon.pdf
[132] Parr, J. (1991). Emotional Assertiveness: Teaching Individuals to Live Together (Kaplan) and described by John Parr [NOT SOURCE ONLY AUTHOR, links to other Parr writing]. In Transactional Analysis Workplace Management Training. https://www.everand.com/book/612775113/Fore-play-Fair-Play-and-Foul-Play-Emotional-Assertiveness-the-Happiness-Equation
[133] Lowrey, K. (2024). When asked, about 60% of Edmonton parents and guardians said they thought the Board's new SOGI policies are awful. So the Board ignored and obfuscated this outcome & voted to do exactly what they set out to do anyway, "consultation" be damned. Kathleen’s Substack. https://kathleenlowrey.substack.com/
[134] Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral Study of obedience. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67(4), 371–378. 10.1037/h0040525. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1964-03472-001
[135] Sundar, V. (Director). (August 28, 2024). Behind The Looking Glass - FIRST EVER Documentary about the Wives & Children of Trans-Identified Men [Film]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Frffv2sB8zE
The TA Contract for Change is Key to TA Therapy
[136] Toth, S. L., Manly, J. T., Spagnola,, M., & Cicchetti, D. (2002, Fall). The relative efficacy of two interventions in altering maltreated preschool children's representational models: implications for attachment theory. Dev Psychopathol, 14(4). 10.1017/s095457940200411x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12549708/ ​
A Culture of Missing Attachments - Group Counseling
[137] Maté, G., & Neufeld, G. (2004). Hold on to Your Kids. Vintage Canada. https://neufeldinstitute.org/resources/hold-on-to-your-kids-book/
1[38] Fischer, J., Spann, L., & Crawford, D. W. (1991). Measuring codependency. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 8(1), 87–100. 10.1300/J020V08N01_06. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1991-32014-001
[139] Seigel, B. S. (1986). Love, Medicine and Miracles. Harper and Row. https://www.harpercollins.ca/9780060919832/love-medicine-and-miracles/
[140] Maté, G. (2018, p 356-362). In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts - Close Encounters with Addiction. Penguin Random House - Vintage Canada. https://drgabormate.com/book/in-the-realm-of-hungry-ghosts/
[141] James, M., & Jongwood, D. (1996). Born to Win. De Capo - Life Long. https://www.amazon.ca/s?k=born+to+win+muriel+james&hvadid=599306242683&hvdev=c&hvlocphy=9001291&hvnetw=g&hvqmt=e&hvrand=604446040574261078&hvtargid=kwd-314975296486&hydadcr=14979_13429897&tag=googcana-20&ref=pd_sl_15o8m5kzqz_e
Case Studies
[142] Zucker, K. J., Wood, H., Singh, D., & Bradley, S. J. (2012). A Developmental, Biopsychosocial Model for the Treatment of Children with Gender Identity Disorder, Journal of Homosexuality, 59(3), 369-397. 10.1080/00918369.2012.653309. https://docs.google.com/document/d/137otQ3dT7WmsrZYP5M15n3clvpVz2H2X1DaZ7CLdg8g/edit
[143] Pledge, D. S. (2004). Counseling Adolescents and Children. Thomas/Wadsworth. https://books.google.ca/books/about/Counseling_Adolescents_and_Children.html?id=PcAMAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Social Media Increasing the Problem
[144] Wallace, J., Boers, E., Ovellet, J., & Conrad, P. (2023, December). a Population-Based Analysis of Temporal Association of Screen Time and Aggressive Behavior. JAACAP OPEN - American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1(4), 284-294. https://www.jaacapopen.org/article/S2949-7329(23)00031-5/fulltext
[145] Ponti, M. (2019). Digital media: Promoting healthy screen use in school-aged children and adolescents. Paediatr Child Health, The Canadian Paediatric Society, 24(6), 402–40. https://cps.ca/en/documents/position/digital-media
[146] E., Ovellet, J., & Conrad, P. (2023, December). A Population-Based Analysis of Temporal Association of Screen Time and Aggressive Behavior. JAACAP OPEN – American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1(4), 284-294. https://www.jaacapopen.org/article/S2949-7329(23)00031-5/fulltext
[147] Cretella, M. (2025, January 25). The Science of Transgender Belief. Advocates Protecting Kids. https://www.advocatesprotectingchildren.org/_files/ugd/aafe4e_99d3172a3ead43fe9e87e847a8dbda9c.pdf
[148] Cretella, M. (2025, January 25). The Science of Transgender Belief. Advocates Protecting Kids. https://www.advocatesprotectingchildren.org/_files/ugd/aafe4e_99d3172a3ead43fe9e87e847a8dbda9c.pdf
[149] Hannaford, C. (2022, July 25). Interview with Dr. Carla Hannaford featured in The Moving Child Film I [The Moving Child Films]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWvFqoowCGA
[150] Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity Youth and Crisis. W W Norton Company. https://archive.org/stream/300656427ErikHEriksonIdentityYouthAndCrisis1WWNortonCompany1968/300656427-Erik-H-Erikson-Identity-Youth-and-Crisis-1-W-W-Norton-Company-1968_djvu.txt
A Statement for Physical Education Considerations in Alberta Schools: By Linda Blade, ChPC, PhD Kinesiology, April 2, 2024
[151] WomensSportsFoundation.org. (2019). 50 Years of Title IX: Boys’ and Girls’ High School Sports Participation, 1971-1972 to 2018-20191. https://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/FINAL6_WSF-Title-IX-Infographic-2022.pdf
What happens when boys are allowed to take opportunities from girls in sports and physical activity?
[152] Golle, K., Muehlbauer,, T., Wick, D., & Granacher, U. (2015, November 6). Physical Fitness Percentiles of German Children Aged 9–12 Years: Findings from a Longitudinal Study. PLoS One, 10(11). 10.1371/journal.pone.0142393. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4636306/
[153] Hilton, E. N., & Lundberg, T. R. (2021). Transgender Women in the Female Category of Sport: Perspectives on Testosterone Suppression and Performance Advantage. Springer Link, 51, 199–214. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-020-01389-3
Conclusion and Recommendations
[154] Hughes, M. (2023, March). The WPATH Files. Environmental Progress. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/56a45d683b0be33df885def6/t/65e6d9bea9969715fba29e6f/1709627904275/U_WPATH+Report+and+Files.pdf
[155] Berne, E. (1964, p. 64). The Games People Play (3rd ed.). Ballentine Books. https://www.amazon.ca/Games-People-Play-Psychology-Relationships/dp/0241257476
​[156] Duggan, L. (2023, March 11). We Were Wrong’: Pioneer in Child Gender Dysphoria Treatment Says Trans Medical Industry Is Harming Kids. Daily Caller News Foundation. https://dailycaller.com/2023/03/11/pioneer-in-child-gender-dysphoria-treatment-says-trans-medical-industry-is-harming-kids/
[157] Bowers, M. (2022, September 16). Puberty blockers are chemical castration. Marci Bowers (WPATH) casually reveals extent of damage. (Duke University, Ed.). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuwOx9YdHXY
[158] Baxendale, S. (2024, February 9). The Impact of Suppressing Puberty on Neuropsychological Function: a Review. ACTA PAEDIRIATRICA: Nurturing the Child. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.17150 or https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/apa.17150
[159] Dhejne, C., Lichtenstein, P., Boman, M., Johansson, A. L., Långström, N., & Landén, M. (2011, February). Long-term follow-up of transsexual persons undergoing sex reassignment surgery: cohort study in Sweden. PLoS one: National Library of Medicine (NIH). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016885. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3043071/#:~:text=The%20cause%2Dspecific%20mortality%20from,malignancies%20was%20borderline%20statistically%20significant.
[160] Straub, J. J., Krishna, P. K., Bothwell, L. G., Deshazo, S. J., Golovko, G., Miller, M. S., & Jehle, D. V. (2024, April 2). Risk of Suicide and Self-Harm Following Gender-Affirmation Surgery. Cureus Springer Nature, 16(4). 10.7759/cureus.57472 https://www.cureus.com/articles/201512-risk-of-suicide-and-self-harm-following-gender-affirmation-surgery/correction/247#!/
[161] Singh, D., Bradley, S. J., & Zucker, K. J. (2021, March 29). A Follow-Up Study of Boys with Gender Identity Disorder. Front Psychiatry. 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.632784. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33854450/
[162] Zucker, K. J., & Bradley, S. J. (1995). Gender Identity Disorder and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents. Guilford, New York, London. https://www.amazon.ca/Identity-Disorder-Psychosexual-Problems-Adolescents/dp/0898622662
[163] Van Meter, Q. (2018, November 15). Dr. Van Meter: The Terrible Fraud of Transgender Medicine. International Federation for Therapeutic and Counseling Choice (IFTCC). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uC0zn0D_MyM
[164] Van Meter, Q. L. (2020). Written Testimony of Quentin L. Van Meter, MD [US Government Testimony]. https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/TR/Transcripts/2020_0046_0002_TSTMNY.pdf